Bib
http://www.thefader.com/2017/04/26/jae5-interview-j-hus-producer-did-you-see-common-sense
https://www.theodysseyonline.com/sexual-objectification-women-music-videos
https://medium.com/@moni_ach/objectification-of-women-in-hip-hop-music-videos-8c37489ceb7f
http://www.lappthebrand.com/2017/10/14/disempowering-parties-misogynistic-bottle-popping/
The music industry is known for pushing the stereotype that women are sexual objects. however, both how men and women are portrayed as sex-starved maniacs within the music scene and this can be argued that it is a overall underlying cultural problem. Despite this, it can not be argued that the negative effects of this are heavier on women e.g the worth of a women within many music videos are presented through their ability to sexualise themselves and even so, the males are still seen as superior through the means of the women.
Famous figures in the music industry often haven merchandise associated with them and their label. Music starts are often scene diving in to the perfume, fashion, make-up and begin to sell ‘their story’ in their very own books and autobiography’s. In context to the user and gratification model, this kind of advertisement and produce reinforces personal identity by comparing roles with that similar to them in the media, the need for companionship and interaction, the need to be informed and diversion; audiences actually crave the industry and want to be a part of the media ‘celeb culture’ phenomenon.
http://www.bostonmagazine.com/arts-entertainment/2014/07/11/empowering-videos-about-women/
Post-feminists critique the traditional view of Feminism by saying that ‘sexy isn’t subordinate.’ Women are in control of their own body and life, they don’t need men to domesticate them. Therefore, the girls in the video are playing up to the idea that the men have the power; when really they know exactly what they’re doing.
http://www.debate.org/opinions/is-sexualization-slowly-destroying-the-music-industry
http://www.news24.com/MyNews24/Women-objectified-in-music-videos-20130802
Sometimes in music videos, the woman’s face is not shown. Instead, her body becomes a showpiece and is put on display. It depicts her as not having an identity or a sense of individualism thus, reinforcing her role as a sex symbol.
“Women’s bodies are often dismembered and treated as separate parts, perpetuating the concept that a woman’s body is not connected to her mind and emotions,” states the sociologist, Erving Goffman in his book, Gender Advertisements. For example, certain body parts like the woman’s breast, her buttocks or her legs would be emphasised. This relates to the notion of sexism with reference to canting (to lean to one side, slant) which conveys submissiveness. According to where the woman is placed, it may also convey male superiority.
So in these hip hop and rap music videos, women are always seen in supporting roles beside, behind and below male counterparts. This is done in a subtle way of course, but with close scrutiny you see how these women are never portrayed as strong, independent, and career-driven instead, their focus is completely on the man
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233027814_Sexual_Objectification_in_Music_Videos_A_Content_Analysis_Comparing_Gender_and_Genre
Although sexual objectification is commonplace in media culture, music videos provide the most potent examples of it. In the current study, we developed a coding system to measure sexual objectification and its correlates in music videos. Our analysis compared sexual objectification across artists' gender and musical genres (R&B/hip-hop, pop, and country). Compared to male artists, female artists were more sexually objectified, held to stricter appearance standards, and more likely to demonstrate sexually alluring behavior. In addition, sexual objectification was more prominent in R&B/hip-hop and pop videos than in country videos. The results are discussed in light of objectification theory and sexual agency.
http://ellenwhightsa2mediastudies.blogspot.co.uk/2013/03/r-representations-within-music-video.html
Misogyny and degradation of women is present in almost every genre of music, yet the one genre that completely revolves around demeaning women is rap. Over the years rap and rap music videos have continually become more sexual and degrading towards women. Rap has been criticized numerous times for this reason, and that is because rap is one of the most popular genres of music for the younger generations
https://eluxemagazine.com/magazine/female-sexualisation-in-pop/
Certainly, they sell music to both male and female fans. But they also sell messages that say women’s value is based largely on the size and shape of their body parts and the sexual things they do with them.
Messages that tell young girls that being highly sexualised is the norm, and that tell young boys that women are always available and ‘up for it’. Sure, it’s fine to have a large sexual appetite, but if these women were really all about being empowered, wouldn’t they be showing themselves say, lording over loads of gyrating, oiled, half-naked male bodies rather than showing off their own?
It’s clear from just about any music video that the viewer is assumed to be male, and the content of the video is aimed to titillate him.
The sexualisation of women in the media has become an intricate part of our society-whether it is in advertisements, magazines, commercials or even music videos
Music labels and the government continue to make claims of how they intend of putting rules, regulations and bans in place, yet this is still very un evident in today’s music video industry.
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2011/jun/02/music-videos-face-crackdown-sexualised-content
https://eluxemagazine.com/magazine/female-sexualisation-in-pop/
Certainly, they sell music to both male and female fans. But they also sell messages that say women’s value is based largely on the size and shape of their body parts and the sexual things they do with them.
Messages that tell young girls that being highly sexualised is the norm, and that tell young boys that women are always available and ‘up for it’. Sure, it’s fine to have a large sexual appetite, but if these women were really all about being empowered, wouldn’t they be showing themselves say, lording over loads of gyrating, oiled, half-naked male bodies rather than showing off their own?
It’s clear from just about any music video that the viewer is assumed to be male, and the content of the video is aimed to titillate him.
The sexualisation of women in the media has become an intricate part of our society-whether it is in advertisements, magazines, commercials or even music videos
Music labels and the government continue to make claims of how they intend of putting rules, regulations and bans in place, yet this is still very un evident in today’s music video industry.
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2011/jun/02/music-videos-face-crackdown-sexualised-content
Findings from a survey conducted for the Bailey review show that:
• Two-thirds of parents had come across clothes, toys, games, music videos or other products that they thought were inappropriate for the age group they were aimed at.
• 40% of parents said they had seen things in public places (shop window displays, advertising hoardings) that they felt were inappropriate for children to see because of their sexual content.
• 41% of parents said they had seen programmes or adverts on TV before 9pm that they felt were unsuitable or inappropriate for children because of their sexual content.
• Of those parents who had felt the need to complain about these issues but hadn't, over 60% said that they had not done so either because they didn't think anything would be done or they didn't know who to complain to.
• Around half of parents felt that celebrity culture, adult style clothes and music videos are encouraging children to act older than they are.
Despite this, it can not be argued that the negative effects of this are heavier on women e.g the worth of a women within many music videos are presented through their ability to sexualise themselves
The music industry is known for pushing the stereotype that women are sexual objects. however, both how men and women are portrayed as sex-starved maniacs within the music scene and this can be argued that it is a overall underlying cultural problem.
https://ginacalnan.pbworks.com/f/themalegaze.pdf
In feminist philosophy, the male gaze is the act of depicting the world and women in the visual arts and in literature from a masculine and heterosexual point of view, which present women as objects of male pleasure.
One of the most obvious results of Male Gaze is the way a (usually male) director/cameraman's interest in women informs his shots, leading to a focus on breasts, legs, buttocks, and other jiggly bits even when the film isn't necessarily supposed to be a feast for eyes of their admirers
http://www.lappthebrand.com/2017/10/14/disempowering-parties-misogynistic-bottle-popping/
The music industry is known for pushing the stereotype that women are sexual objects. however, both how men and women are portrayed as sex-starved maniacs within the music scene and this can be argued that it is a overall underlying cultural problem. Despite this, it can not be argued that the negative effects of this are heavier on women e.g the worth of a women within many music videos are presented through their ability to sexualise themselves and even so, the males are still seen as superior through the means of the women.
Famous figures in the music industry often haven merchandise associated with them and their label. Music starts are often scene diving in to the perfume, fashion, make-up and begin to sell ‘their story’ in their very own books and autobiography’s. In context to the user and gratification model, this kind of advertisement and produce reinforces personal identity by comparing roles with that similar to them in the media, the need for companionship and interaction, the need to be informed and diversion; audiences actually crave the industry and want to be a part of the media ‘celeb culture’ phenomenon.
http://www.bostonmagazine.com/arts-entertainment/2014/07/11/empowering-videos-about-women/
Post-feminists critique the traditional view of Feminism by saying that ‘sexy isn’t subordinate.’ Women are in control of their own body and life, they don’t need men to domesticate them. Therefore, the girls in the video are playing up to the idea that the men have the power; when really they know exactly what they’re doing.
Research also links sexualisation to eating disorders, low self-esteem and depression. Adolescent girls are at greater risk of unhealthy sexuality that may lead to sexual problems in adulthood.
https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/11/10/beyond-the-lights_n_6074538.html
In writing “Beyond The Lights,” Prince-Bythewood was very interested in the way personas are formed, especially for young female artists. That “blueprint” refers to the way they are turned into brands, forced to throw away any sense of self in pursuit of an image.
Noni’s story is especially interesting because of its implications about the way we perform gender and race. Her hyper-sexualization is starkly contrasted with the hyper-masculinity of the rapper she is arranged to date. And she is never truly liberated from her persona until she removes her straight purple extensions to reveal her natural hair — a compelling symbol of freedom in light of the rise of cultural appropriation
http://www.debate.org/opinions/is-sexualization-slowly-destroying-the-music-industry
"Music is now porn
Yes, it's got to the point where each music video that gets made is a soft core porn film. The music industry make the female artists feel the need to show everything except the insides of their vagina (that might change) i.e. Rihanna, Lady Gaga, Beyonce and Miley Cyrus. Most of it is to program the children that watch these videos (at a young age) to be more sexual."
"The music industry is already destroyed
It's been that way for some time, the mainstream music industry is about sex and image, but it has recently been ramped up and is disturbingly overt in its sexual content and nature. "
http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/opinion/sexualised-music-videos-only-teach-women-how-to-sell-out/news-story/c56c78bc541cbfe91e7cfc31a7c77599
Girls who are exposed to sexualised content are more likely to endorse gender stereotypes and place attractiveness as central to a woman’s value. Boys who are exposed to this content are more likely to sexually harass females, and have inappropriate expectations of them.
However, many women do not find the representation of women within the grime scene as problematic as the extreme sexualisation and nudity of women can be perceived as liberating and empowering
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/grimes-claims-being-asked-about-music-industry-sexism-portrays-her-as-a-victim-a6985271.html
Some say that the women in these videos are promoting their independence in their choice to dress and dance provocatively however this argument can easily contraindicated as we watch what parts of the female body is advertised and emphasised within the music video. After taking a close look at popular music videos and the way women are represented, a clear answer to the research question presented above is found: music videos do contribute to the objectification and sexual violence toward women.
https://bertjaya.wordpress.com/2016/05/22/the-sexual-objectification-of-women-in-the-music-industry/
"Much of the music industry is about selling records and making money, therefore by creating controversial music videos, they become viral and more popular and therefore they make more money. The industry often equates edginess with offensiveness and the most common way of producing this edginess is by using naked women dancing, just within legal boundaries, to produce a controversial music video."
Through the way women are presented, wearing barely any clothing, always “ready and available” for sex to the male artist rapping/singing, and rarely having a sense of human feelings or emotion.
this can be argued that it is a overall underlying cultural problem
In addition, the record label is dominated by males as well therefore the male viewership and concerns are valued more and prioritised.
http://www.indiewire.com/2014/12/why-arent-we-talking-about-the-sexual-assault-in-beyond-the-lights-156621/
Noni a (biracial) beauty who hails from the working-class, South London neighborhood of Brixton trying to survive in That path includes the hypersexualization of women in general, and black women in particular, in an industry that would rather pump out human versions of blow-up dolls
"the film is a complex story that challenges the entertainment industry and the psychology of the people behind it. Through high-profile cameos and narrative elements, Prince-Bythewood delivers a self-reflexive critique of the entertainment industry. How is a director able to have a film backed by BET"
"A central issue in Dreamgirls is the existence of two music hit charts: the R&B, originally called “race music,” chart, and the pop chart, which listed the mainstream hits sold to largely white audiences. The music industry felt it necessary to keep its eye on the recordings popular among black listeners, but the separate charts were clearly a product of the official racism endemic to a certain epoch. The existence of two “separate and unequal” charts actually began to break down in the 1950s for several reasons"
(Identity politics)
In its attitude toward the history of the period of the civil rights movement, Dreamgirls gravitates toward the reactionary view of identity politics. Implicit throughout the film is the idea that there is an unbridgeable chasm between black and white culture. Insofar as the social struggle is even referenced, the vague references to Martin Luther King and the civil rights movement are employed solely as historical ambience
https://www.glamour.com/gallery/female-artists-on-sexism-in-the-music-industry#1
Beyoncé
"You know, equality is a myth, and for some reason, everyone accepts the fact that women don't make as much money as men do. I don't understand that. Why do we have to take a backseat?"
Lady Gaga
“I want to show women they don’t need to try to keep up with the 19-year-olds and the 21-year-olds in order to have a hit. Women in music, they feel like they need to f-cking sell everything to be a star. It’s so sad. I want to explode as I go into my thirties.” —Billboard
Björk
"I want to support young girls who are in their twenties now and tell them, 'You're not just imagining things.' It's tough. Everything that a guy says once, you have to say five times." —Pitchfork
Miley Cyrus
“There is so much sexism, ageism, you name it. Kendrick Lamar sings about LSD, and he’s cool. I do it, and I’m a druggie whore.” —Marie Claire
- (LAURA MULVEY AND THE MALE GAZE theoery plus feminism)
Mulvey has made various theories about cinema and how it operates, as well as how both men and women are portrayed on screen. Furthermore, current trends in the music industry are having a detrimental effect on the younger generation as they include increasingly sexualised portrayals of women, which means that generations to come will grow up with the mentality that objectifying women is the norm.
due to feminism and the changes in attitudes towards women, what would of seemed to objectify women years ago, liberates them in todays society. Women are now able to sexualise themselves and feel empowered.
Mulvey discusses the objectification of women, and how in being viewed as objects, female characters are devoid of any agency. While the male characters are active, driving the storyline forward, the women are passive, functioning as objects to be viewed and enjoyed. What is interesting to look at are films such as Magic Mike, in which the male characters are unapologetically objectified and are there to be looked at. However the men, most of whom are strippers, exude a confidence in their sexuality: there is a power in the portrayal that is not often seen in overt depictions of female sexuality and sexual attractiveness onscreen.
http://shamelessmag.com/blog/entry/when-it-comes-to-the-music-industry-who-are-the-feminists-and-who-decides
"I would expand on this by saying that hip-hop, and music in general, has largely shifted from focusing on musical expression toward ratings and profits. Goodlet makes this connection, saying “the gatekeepers of hip-hop’s message are the white executives. The image of the culture and what sells is in [their] hands.” With an increased focus on profit and popularity, music therefore follows trends set by those in power—usually white, usually male music executives. Institutional power here snubs out intersectional feminism and replaces it with sexism and exploitation."
"In the context of the “white executives” mentioned by Goodlet, a whitewashed feminism certainly fits the bill. Even just a broad survey of the music industry reveals stark contrasts between “acceptable music” you hear on the radio and wins all the awards, and “inappropriate music” that can be played only in certain areas for certain audiences. It’s hardly a coincidence that white musicians usually produce the former"
When discussing feminism and music, it seems intuitive to do so; Black women have been and continue to be pioneers in both areas. The black feminist movement argues that feminism cannot exist properly without intersectionality, or the belief that racism. sexism and class-ism are forcibly bound together.
When the musical performances of black women are discussed, several problematic themes reoccur such as the “politics of respectability” are invoked to police expression of black female sexuality, and black women are erased completely from the discourse on their own work. In deconstructing these problematic conversations around the performance of black women in music, it is essential to look use the lens of black feminist thought to acknowledges the immensely important contribution of black women to music and music performance, and to reconsider black women in the conversation about their work.
Although this topic comes up a lot involving the media, typically it addresses more the sexualisation of women and young girls. Commonly, this kind of sexualisation involves the way that women are presented in the media and the ways they are objectified in order for them to appear more desirable/mature. Just as this creates and overwhelming pressure for women to look a certain way, it could be argued that this also creates controversy in terms of children feeling as though they have to dressing more provocatively and grow up faster than what they should, due to the pressures of the media.
However, I believe that this is the exact same thing for men. There have been many cases within adverts where men are merely displayed purely for the focus of their bodies. Often men are 'dumbed' down within certain media products, most typically done when the male is very physically fit and fits into this 'pretty boy' criteria, the dumbing down adds to the whole package to this. The suggestion that males who focus on their fitness and body image are all stupid and ignorant is one that I believe can be very subtle within certain media products, yet very apparent in others. This stereotype is very negative
http://trinitrent.com/2013/08/female-sexuality-in-music-empowered-or-objectified/
Second wave feminism introduced new ways of thinking for thinkers who gave greater attention to the issues affecting the various subgroups of women in the feminist movement. One particular topic that rose to forefront of the debate was female sexuality Music is a product, women are used to sell that product and the primary target audience for media companies are men
Second wave feminism introduced new ways of thinking for thinkers who gave greater attention to the issues affecting the various subgroups of women in the feminist movement. One particular topic that rose to forefront of the debate was female sexuality Music is a product, women are used to sell that product and the primary target audience for media companies are men
female artists who assume that they have full control of their sexuality and are supposedly empowered are still being manipulated by men.
two types of feminism, liberal and radical. In case you didn’t know, the former group supports the equal rights of men and women within the current social structures whereas the latter stresses the importance of the complete eradication of patriarchies to ending male supremacy.
Whether such are truly empowered and in control of their own sexualities in the patriarchal constructs of Western society is debatable but one thing is certain: As women continue to battle for their own identities in this visual era of music, there is still a grey area to be examined as we decide if they are still just puppets dancing for their male masters.
two types of feminism, liberal and radical. In case you didn’t know, the former group supports the equal rights of men and women within the current social structures whereas the latter stresses the importance of the complete eradication of patriarchies to ending male supremacy.
Whether such are truly empowered and in control of their own sexualities in the patriarchal constructs of Western society is debatable but one thing is certain: As women continue to battle for their own identities in this visual era of music, there is still a grey area to be examined as we decide if they are still just puppets dancing for their male masters.
"Feminism is back on the rise, and it's all thanks to the internet"
Everyday sexism has "90,000 followers on Twitter"
"Feminist societies have popped up at university everywhere including Durham, Liverpool and Kings College London"
Our generation needs to reclaim feminism
http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/our-generation-needs-to-reclaim-feminism-2373962.html
Everyday sexism has "90,000 followers on Twitter"
"Feminist societies have popped up at university everywhere including Durham, Liverpool and Kings College London"
Our generation needs to reclaim feminism
http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/our-generation-needs-to-reclaim-feminism-2373962.html
There are a lot of women that have started out in the music industry with the strong belief that they would not "sell out".
There have been many strong women who have proved that powerful women can in fact make it in the music industry without compromising their standards. There are also women that understand that to get the attention they deserve they can use a sexy video to gain viewers and then get their message across.
women face in modern society can be applied to the music industry when considering that it seems to be that sexist music makes the industry large amounts of money. Therefore, male artists are making money off of the exploitation of women (Rogers)
"In the rap world, women represent success, and they are treated almost as accessories: a means for rappers to prove that they have made it to the top...the purpose of this facade is to simply make money, but rappers do not realize the extent to which their music is affecting the younger generations. When children watch television and see someone throw money in the air, with lots of cars and women, that image is stored in their minds as the definition of success. They begin to nurture the idea that in order to achieve success, you have to have beautiful women by your side. With the number of images reaching today's youth we must put an end to this type of portrayal.
Women objectified in music videos- by Bronwyn M Douman
http://www.news24.com/MyNews24/Women-objectified-in-music-videos-20130802
There have been many strong women who have proved that powerful women can in fact make it in the music industry without compromising their standards. There are also women that understand that to get the attention they deserve they can use a sexy video to gain viewers and then get their message across.
women face in modern society can be applied to the music industry when considering that it seems to be that sexist music makes the industry large amounts of money. Therefore, male artists are making money off of the exploitation of women (Rogers)
"In the rap world, women represent success, and they are treated almost as accessories: a means for rappers to prove that they have made it to the top...the purpose of this facade is to simply make money, but rappers do not realize the extent to which their music is affecting the younger generations. When children watch television and see someone throw money in the air, with lots of cars and women, that image is stored in their minds as the definition of success. They begin to nurture the idea that in order to achieve success, you have to have beautiful women by your side. With the number of images reaching today's youth we must put an end to this type of portrayal.
Women objectified in music videos- by Bronwyn M Douman
http://www.news24.com/MyNews24/Women-objectified-in-music-videos-20130802
Sometimes in music videos, the woman’s face is not shown. Instead, her body becomes a showpiece and is put on display. It depicts her as not having an identity or a sense of individualism thus, reinforcing her role as a sex symbol.
“Women’s bodies are often dismembered and treated as separate parts, perpetuating the concept that a woman’s body is not connected to her mind and emotions,” states the sociologist, Erving Goffman in his book, Gender Advertisements. For example, certain body parts like the woman’s breast, her buttocks or her legs would be emphasised. This relates to the notion of sexism with reference to canting (to lean to one side, slant) which conveys submissiveness. According to where the woman is placed, it may also convey male superiority.
men and women are portrayed as sex-starved maniacs
. The women in these music videos are portrayed as females who would ‘bend over backwards’ literally and figuratively for their man, and also the bending of body parts conveys submissiveness and appease men
“Three common tactics used to establish superiority is size, attention and positioning,” says Goffman.
“Women’s bodies are often dismembered and treated as separate parts, perpetuating the concept that a woman’s body is not connected to her mind and emotions,” states the sociologist, Erving Goffman in his book, Gender Advertisements. For example, certain body parts like the woman’s breast, her buttocks or her legs would be emphasised. This relates to the notion of sexism with reference to canting (to lean to one side, slant) which conveys submissiveness. According to where the woman is placed, it may also convey male superiority.
men and women are portrayed as sex-starved maniacs
. The women in these music videos are portrayed as females who would ‘bend over backwards’ literally and figuratively for their man, and also the bending of body parts conveys submissiveness and appease men
“Three common tactics used to establish superiority is size, attention and positioning,” says Goffman.
http://trinitrent.com/2013/08/female-sexuality-in-music-empowered-or-objectified/
Second wave feminism introduced new ways of thinking for thinkers who gave greater attention to the issues affecting the various subgroups of women in the feminist movement. One particular topic that rose to forefront of the debate was female sexuality Music is a product, women are used to sell that product and the primary target audience for media companies are men
second wave feminism introduced new ways of thinking for thinkers who gave greater attention to the issues affecting the various subgroups of women in the feminist movement. One particular topic that rose to forefront of the debate was female sexuality
“Racism didn't magically go away just because we refuse to talk about it. Rather, overt racial language is replaced by covert racial euphemisms that reference the same phenomena-talk of "niggers" and "ghettos" becomes replaced by phrases such as "urban," "welfare mothers," and "street crime." Everyone knows what these terms mean, and if they don't, they quickly figure it out.”
“Thus, gender ideology no only creates ides about femininity but it also shapes conceptions of masculinity.”
“If any female feels she need anything beyond herself to legitimate and validate her existence, she is already giving away her power to be self-defining, her agency.” - Feminism Is for Everybody by bell hooks
“Under the color-blind ideology of the new racism, Blackness must be SEEN as evidence for the alleged color blindness that seemingly characterizes contemporary economic opportunity.”
“Challenging power structures from the inside, working the cracks within the system, however, requires learning to speak multiple languages of power convincingly.”
All Beyonce and JLo have done is add to the laundry list of attributes women must have to qualify as beautiful. Now every girl is expected to have Caucasian blue eyes, full Spanish lips, a classic button nose, hairless Asian skin with a California tan, a Jamaican dance hall ass, long Swedish legs, small Japanese feet, the abs of a lesbian gym owner, the hips of a nine-year-old boy, the arms of Michelle Obama, and doll tits. The person closest to actually achieving this look is Kim Kardashian, who, as we know, was made by Russian scientists to sabotage our athletes.”
"I will have my voice: Indian, Spanish, white. I will have my serpent's tongue — my woman's voice, my sexual voice, my poet's voice. I will overcome the tradition of silence.” - Borderlands/La Frontera by Gloria E. Anzaldua
“Every human body has its optimum weight and contour, which only health and efficiency can establish. Whenever we treat women's bodies as aesthetic objects without function we deform them.” -The Female Eunuch by Germaine Greer#
web articles:
http://trinitrent.com/2013/08/female-sexuality-in-music-empowered-or-objectified/
Second wave feminism introduced new ways of thinking for thinkers who gave greater attention to the issues affecting the various subgroups of women in the feminist movement. One particular topic that rose to forefront of the debate was female sexuality Music is a product, women are used to sell that product and the primary target audience for media companies are men
Germaine Greer (1939– ), an Australian scholar and journalist whose best known work is the major 1970s feminist text The Female Eunuch (1970), originally advocated sexual liberation but, more recently, has lauded celibacy.
Margaret Atwood (1939– ), an iconic Canadian feminist novelist, expresses both the “goddess” and “activist” modes of the mid-twentieth century movement, via a confrontational style that gained converts by avoiding both violence and eccentricity.
Ayaan Hirsi Ali (1969– ), a Somali-born women’s rights activist, writer, and politician—who fled both pre-modern Somalia and post-modern Holland and now lives in the United States— has faced numerous death threats for repudiating Islam in favor of atheism, as described in best-selling Infidel (2007).
Gertrude Himmelfarb (1922– ), an American scholar drawn to examining the roots of social progress and decay, is best known for her sympathetic portrayals of Victorian society, dealing with similar social problems to those faced today
Melanie Phillips (1951– ), a British journalist and author, has targeted the growing climate of censorship and political and social irrationality in Western countries, for which she has received both livid denunciation as a “conservative” and the Orwell Prize for political journalism (1996).
Gloria Steinem (1934– ), an American feminist journalist and author, has written many bestsellers such as Revolution from Within (1993) but is best known for co-founding Ms. Magazine, which advocates many key progressive and feminist causes.
http://www.racialequitytools.org/resourcefiles/Media-Impact-onLives-of-Black-Men-and-Boys-OppAgenda.pdf
Why media patterns are distorted In order to combat the destructive causal dynamics delineated so far, communicators must confront the question of why black males continue to be underrepresented, framed in negative ways, offered limited roles in both fictional and news contexts, and so forth. Scholars have offered a number of suggestions about the causal factors leading to the distortions and omissions.
Producer bias
Most obviously, those responsible for media content may at times present a distorted, inaccurate view because of their own conscious or unconscious biases and stereotypes. Incorrect assumptions about audiences
Scholars suggest cases in which portrayals are incomplete or distorted because producers of media content carry faulty assumptions about the composition of their audiences and their audiences’ preferences. For instance, video game producers, who tend not to be African-American males themselves, underestimate how many black males and others who would identify with black protagonists play the games.
Audience preferences — In some cases, content producers may be responding to accurate assessments of their audiences’ comfort zones with a certain range of presentations of black males — i.e., ones that confirm their own fears and prejudices or reassure them that black males are not achieving “undue” power and status. Lack of input from black constituents — One of the factors seen as most significant by scholars is the paucity of African-American television station owners, producers, journalists and experts invited to contribute content, etc. Political motivations to traffic in stereotypes — Portrayals are also distorted by some (often white and/or conservative) communicators’ interests in tapping into racial bias in order to promote or discredit various policies (e.g., more prisons, less welfare).
Second wave feminism introduced new ways of thinking for thinkers who gave greater attention to the issues affecting the various subgroups of women in the feminist movement. One particular topic that rose to forefront of the debate was female sexuality Music is a product, women are used to sell that product and the primary target audience for media companies are men
female artists who assume that they have full control of their sexuality and are supposedly empowered are still being manipulated by men.
two types of feminism, liberal and radical. In case you didn’t know, the former group supports the equal rights of men and women within the current social structures whereas the latter stresses the importance of the complete eradication of patriarchies to ending male supremacy.
Whether such are truly empowered and in control of their own sexualities in the patriarchal constructs of Western society is debatable but one thing is certain: As women continue to battle for their own identities in this visual era of music, there is still a grey area to be examined as we decide if they are still just puppets dancing for their male masters.
two types of feminism, liberal and radical. In case you didn’t know, the former group supports the equal rights of men and women within the current social structures whereas the latter stresses the importance of the complete eradication of patriarchies to ending male supremacy.
Whether such are truly empowered and in control of their own sexualities in the patriarchal constructs of Western society is debatable but one thing is certain: As women continue to battle for their own identities in this visual era of music, there is still a grey area to be examined as we decide if they are still just puppets dancing for their male masters.
"Feminism is back on the rise, and it's all thanks to the internet"
Everyday sexism has "90,000 followers on Twitter"
"Feminist societies have popped up at university everywhere including Durham, Liverpool and Kings College London"
Our generation needs to reclaim feminism
http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/our-generation-needs-to-reclaim-feminism-2373962.html
Everyday sexism has "90,000 followers on Twitter"
"Feminist societies have popped up at university everywhere including Durham, Liverpool and Kings College London"
Our generation needs to reclaim feminism
http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/our-generation-needs-to-reclaim-feminism-2373962.html
There are a lot of women that have started out in the music industry with the strong belief that they would not "sell out".
There have been many strong women who have proved that powerful women can in fact make it in the music industry without compromising their standards. There are also women that understand that to get the attention they deserve they can use a sexy video to gain viewers and then get their message across.
women face in modern society can be applied to the music industry when considering that it seems to be that sexist music makes the industry large amounts of money. Therefore, male artists are making money off of the exploitation of women (Rogers)
"In the rap world, women represent success, and they are treated almost as accessories: a means for rappers to prove that they have made it to the top...the purpose of this facade is to simply make money, but rappers do not realize the extent to which their music is affecting the younger generations. When children watch television and see someone throw money in the air, with lots of cars and women, that image is stored in their minds as the definition of success. They begin to nurture the idea that in order to achieve success, you have to have beautiful women by your side. With the number of images reaching today's youth we must put an end to this type of portrayal.
Women objectified in music videos- by Bronwyn M Douman
http://www.news24.com/MyNews24/Women-objectified-in-music-videos-20130802
There have been many strong women who have proved that powerful women can in fact make it in the music industry without compromising their standards. There are also women that understand that to get the attention they deserve they can use a sexy video to gain viewers and then get their message across.
women face in modern society can be applied to the music industry when considering that it seems to be that sexist music makes the industry large amounts of money. Therefore, male artists are making money off of the exploitation of women (Rogers)
"In the rap world, women represent success, and they are treated almost as accessories: a means for rappers to prove that they have made it to the top...the purpose of this facade is to simply make money, but rappers do not realize the extent to which their music is affecting the younger generations. When children watch television and see someone throw money in the air, with lots of cars and women, that image is stored in their minds as the definition of success. They begin to nurture the idea that in order to achieve success, you have to have beautiful women by your side. With the number of images reaching today's youth we must put an end to this type of portrayal.
Women objectified in music videos- by Bronwyn M Douman
http://www.news24.com/MyNews24/Women-objectified-in-music-videos-20130802
Sometimes in music videos, the woman’s face is not shown. Instead, her body becomes a showpiece and is put on display. It depicts her as not having an identity or a sense of individualism thus, reinforcing her role as a sex symbol.
“Women’s bodies are often dismembered and treated as separate parts, perpetuating the concept that a woman’s body is not connected to her mind and emotions,” states the sociologist, Erving Goffman in his book, Gender Advertisements. For example, certain body parts like the woman’s breast, her buttocks or her legs would be emphasised. This relates to the notion of sexism with reference to canting (to lean to one side, slant) which conveys submissiveness. According to where the woman is placed, it may also convey male superiority.
men and women are portrayed as sex-starved maniacs
. The women in these music videos are portrayed as females who would ‘bend over backwards’ literally and figuratively for their man, and also the bending of body parts conveys submissiveness and appease men
“Three common tactics used to establish superiority is size, attention and positioning,” says Goffman.
“Women’s bodies are often dismembered and treated as separate parts, perpetuating the concept that a woman’s body is not connected to her mind and emotions,” states the sociologist, Erving Goffman in his book, Gender Advertisements. For example, certain body parts like the woman’s breast, her buttocks or her legs would be emphasised. This relates to the notion of sexism with reference to canting (to lean to one side, slant) which conveys submissiveness. According to where the woman is placed, it may also convey male superiority.
men and women are portrayed as sex-starved maniacs
. The women in these music videos are portrayed as females who would ‘bend over backwards’ literally and figuratively for their man, and also the bending of body parts conveys submissiveness and appease men
“Three common tactics used to establish superiority is size, attention and positioning,” says Goffman.
second wave feminism introduced new ways of thinking for thinkers who gave greater attention to the issues affecting the various subgroups of women in the feminist movement. One particular topic that rose to forefront of the debate was female sexuality
: Music is a product, women are used to sell that product and the primary target audience for media companies are men
So, by that reasoning, female artists who assume that they have full control of their sexuality and are supposedly empowered are still being manipulated by men.
two types of feminism – liberal and radical. In case you didn’t know, the former group supports the equal rights of men and women within the current social structures whereas the latter stresses the importance of the complete eradication of patriarchies to ending male supremacy.
Whether such are truly empowered and in control of their own sexualities in the patriarchal constructs of Western society is debatable but one thing is certain: As women continue to battle for their own identities in this visual era of music, there is still a grey area to be examined as we decide if they are still just puppets dancing for their male masters.
So, by that reasoning, female artists who assume that they have full control of their sexuality and are supposedly empowered are still being manipulated by men.
two types of feminism – liberal and radical. In case you didn’t know, the former group supports the equal rights of men and women within the current social structures whereas the latter stresses the importance of the complete eradication of patriarchies to ending male supremacy.
Whether such are truly empowered and in control of their own sexualities in the patriarchal constructs of Western society is debatable but one thing is certain: As women continue to battle for their own identities in this visual era of music, there is still a grey area to be examined as we decide if they are still just puppets dancing for their male masters.
or within living structures defined by profit, by linear power, by institutional dehumanization, our feelings were not meant to survive. Kept around as unavoidable adjuncts or pleasant pastimes, our feelings were expected to kneel to thought as women were expected to kneel to men. But women have survived. As poets.” - Sister Outsider by Audre Lorde
“Racism didn't magically go away just because we refuse to talk about it. Rather, overt racial language is replaced by covert racial euphemisms that reference the same phenomena-talk of "niggers" and "ghettos" becomes replaced by phrases such as "urban," "welfare mothers," and "street crime." Everyone knows what these terms mean, and if they don't, they quickly figure it out.”
― Patricia Hill Collins, On Intellectual Activism
“Thus, gender ideology no only creates ides about femininity but it also shapes conceptions of masculinity.”
― Patricia Hill Collins, Black Sexual Politics: African Americans, Gender, and the New Racism
“If any female feels she need anything beyond herself to legitimate and validate her existence, she is already giving away her power to be self-defining, her agency.” - Feminism Is for Everybody by bell hooks
“Under the color-blind ideology of the new racism, Blackness must be SEEN as evidence for the alleged color blindness that seemingly characterizes contemporary economic opportunity.”
― Patricia Hill Collins, Black Sexual Politics: African Americans, Gender, and the New Racism
“Challenging power structures from the inside, working the cracks within the system, however, requires learning to speak multiple languages of power convincingly.”
― Patricia Hill Collins, On Intellectual Activism
All Beyonce and JLo have done is add to the laundry list of attributes women must have to qualify as beautiful. Now every girl is expected to have Caucasian blue eyes, full Spanish lips, a classic button nose, hairless Asian skin with a California tan, a Jamaican dance hall ass, long Swedish legs, small Japanese feet, the abs of a lesbian gym owner, the hips of a nine-year-old boy, the arms of Michelle Obama, and doll tits. The person closest to actually achieving this look is Kim Kardashian, who, as we know, was made by Russian scientists to sabotage our athletes.”
- Bossypants by Tina Fey
"I will have my voice: Indian, Spanish, white. I will have my serpent's tongue — my woman's voice, my sexual voice, my poet's voice. I will overcome the tradition of silence.” - Borderlands/La Frontera by Gloria E. Anzaldua
“Every human body has its optimum weight and contour, which only health and efficiency can establish. Whenever we treat women's bodies as aesthetic objects without function we deform them.” -The Female Eunuch by Germaine Greer#
web articles:
http://trinitrent.com/2013/08/female-sexuality-in-music-empowered-or-objectified/
Second wave feminism introduced new ways of thinking for thinkers who gave greater attention to the issues affecting the various subgroups of women in the feminist movement. One particular topic that rose to forefront of the debate was female sexuality Music is a product, women are used to sell that product and the primary target audience for media companies are men
female artists who assume that they have full control of their sexuality and are supposedly empowered are still being manipulated by men.
two types of feminism, liberal and radical. In case you didn’t know, the former group supports the equal rights of men and women within the current social structures whereas the latter stresses the importance of the complete eradication of patriarchies to ending male supremacy.
Whether such are truly empowered and in control of their own sexualities in the patriarchal constructs of Western society is debatable but one thing is certain: As women continue to battle for their own identities in this visual era of music, there is still a grey area to be examined as we decide if they are still just puppets dancing for their male masters.
two types of feminism, liberal and radical. In case you didn’t know, the former group supports the equal rights of men and women within the current social structures whereas the latter stresses the importance of the complete eradication of patriarchies to ending male supremacy.
Whether such are truly empowered and in control of their own sexualities in the patriarchal constructs of Western society is debatable but one thing is certain: As women continue to battle for their own identities in this visual era of music, there is still a grey area to be examined as we decide if they are still just puppets dancing for their male masters.
"Feminism is back on the rise, and it's all thanks to the internet"
Everyday sexism has "90,000 followers on Twitter"
"Feminist societies have popped up at university everywhere including Durham, Liverpool and Kings College London"
Our generation needs to reclaim feminism
http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/our-generation-needs-to-reclaim-feminism-2373962.html
Everyday sexism has "90,000 followers on Twitter"
"Feminist societies have popped up at university everywhere including Durham, Liverpool and Kings College London"
Our generation needs to reclaim feminism
http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/our-generation-needs-to-reclaim-feminism-2373962.html
There are a lot of women that have started out in the music industry with the strong belief that they would not "sell out".
There have been many strong women who have proved that powerful women can in fact make it in the music industry without compromising their standards. There are also women that understand that to get the attention they deserve they can use a sexy video to gain viewers and then get their message across.
women face in modern society can be applied to the music industry when considering that it seems to be that sexist music makes the industry large amounts of money. Therefore, male artists are making money off of the exploitation of women (Rogers)
"In the rap world, women represent success, and they are treated almost as accessories: a means for rappers to prove that they have made it to the top...the purpose of this facade is to simply make money, but rappers do not realize the extent to which their music is affecting the younger generations. When children watch television and see someone throw money in the air, with lots of cars and women, that image is stored in their minds as the definition of success. They begin to nurture the idea that in order to achieve success, you have to have beautiful women by your side. With the number of images reaching today's youth we must put an end to this type of portrayal.
Scholar Links:
Germaine Greer (1939– ), an Australian scholar and journalist whose best known work is the major 1970s feminist text The Female Eunuch (1970), originally advocated sexual liberation but, more recently, has lauded celibacy.
Margaret Atwood (1939– ), an iconic Canadian feminist novelist, expresses both the “goddess” and “activist” modes of the mid-twentieth century movement, via a confrontational style that gained converts by avoiding both violence and eccentricity.
Ayaan Hirsi Ali (1969– ), a Somali-born women’s rights activist, writer, and politician—who fled both pre-modern Somalia and post-modern Holland and now lives in the United States— has faced numerous death threats for repudiating Islam in favor of atheism, as described in best-selling Infidel (2007).
Gertrude Himmelfarb (1922– ), an American scholar drawn to examining the roots of social progress and decay, is best known for her sympathetic portrayals of Victorian society, dealing with similar social problems to those faced today
Melanie Phillips (1951– ), a British journalist and author, has targeted the growing climate of censorship and political and social irrationality in Western countries, for which she has received both livid denunciation as a “conservative” and the Orwell Prize for political journalism (1996).
Gloria Steinem (1934– ), an American feminist journalist and author, has written many bestsellers such as Revolution from Within (1993) but is best known for co-founding Ms. Magazine, which advocates many key progressive and feminist causes.
http://www.racialequitytools.org/resourcefiles/Media-Impact-onLives-of-Black-Men-and-Boys-OppAgenda.pdf
Naturally, the reason so much attention is devoted to media representations is that the collective image of blacks and black males has important effects. Many researchers discuss how distorted portrayals can be expected to create problematic understandings and attitudes among audiences, including:
Studies show that media images have the greatest impact on perceptions when viewers have less realworld experience with the topic; in other words, the “media world” can be mistaken for the real world, unless audiences have sufficient personal experience to counteract its effects. Even audiences with real-world experience are not immune. Studies show, for instance, that stereotypic images depict black women as contributing to their domestic victimization by their black male partners. Considering these distorted images, it is not surprising that black television viewers, male and female, tend to lose more “social capital” through viewing TV programming — i.e., to trust the community and those around them less in ways that can lead to reduced prosperity and other
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/aug/12/media-misrepresents-black-men-effects-felt-real-world
2011 study, Media Representations & Impact on the Lives of Black Men and Boys, conducted by The Opportunity Agenda, negative mass media portrayals were strongly linked with lower life expectations among black men. These portrayals, constantly reinforced in print media, on television, the internet, fiction shows, print advertising and video games, shape public views of and attitudes toward men of color. They not only help create barriers to advancement within our society, but also “make these positions seem natural and inevitable”.
Men of color held in esteem by the media, while entirely worthy of praise, too often personify a circumscribed spectrum of human qualities. Prowess in sports, physical achievement in general and musicality are emphasized inordinately. Common role models depicted by the media such as rap or hip-hop stars and basketball players imply limited life choices.
Why media patterns are distorted In order to combat the destructive causal dynamics delineated so far, communicators must confront the question of why black males continue to be underrepresented, framed in negative ways, offered limited roles in both fictional and news contexts, and so forth. Scholars have offered a number of suggestions about the causal factors leading to the distortions and omissions.
Producer bias
Most obviously, those responsible for media content may at times present a distorted, inaccurate view because of their own conscious or unconscious biases and stereotypes. Incorrect assumptions about audiences
Scholars suggest cases in which portrayals are incomplete or distorted because producers of media content carry faulty assumptions about the composition of their audiences and their audiences’ preferences. For instance, video game producers, who tend not to be African-American males themselves, underestimate how many black males and others who would identify with black protagonists play the games.
Audience preferences — In some cases, content producers may be responding to accurate assessments of their audiences’ comfort zones with a certain range of presentations of black males — i.e., ones that confirm their own fears and prejudices or reassure them that black males are not achieving “undue” power and status. Lack of input from black constituents — One of the factors seen as most significant by scholars is the paucity of African-American television station owners, producers, journalists and experts invited to contribute content, etc. Political motivations to traffic in stereotypes — Portrayals are also distorted by some (often white and/or conservative) communicators’ interests in tapping into racial bias in order to promote or discredit various policies (e.g., more prisons, less welfare).
http://www.forharriet.com/2017/08/a-black-girls-beauty-is-not-determined.html#axzz4vpjicH1P
http://www.forharriet.com/2017/09/your-education-or-social-status-wont.html#axzz4vpjicH1P
http://www.forharriet.com/2017/07/black-men-dont-make-trans-women-pay-for.html#axzz4vpjicH1P
https://www.bgdblog.org/2017/01/the-difference-between-unity-and-solidarity/
https://www.bgdblog.org/2017/01/rejecting-intoxication-culture/
https://www.bgdblog.org/2017/04/boy-story-teaching-gender/
https://www.bgdblog.org/2017/03/claudia-jones/
https://www.bgdblog.org/2016/04/why-we-need-to-talk-about-stripping-as-labor/
http://www.forharriet.com/2017/09/your-education-or-social-status-wont.html#axzz4vpjicH1P
http://www.forharriet.com/2017/07/black-men-dont-make-trans-women-pay-for.html#axzz4vpjicH1P
https://www.bgdblog.org/2017/01/the-difference-between-unity-and-solidarity/
https://www.bgdblog.org/2017/01/rejecting-intoxication-culture/
https://www.bgdblog.org/2017/04/boy-story-teaching-gender/
https://www.bgdblog.org/2017/03/claudia-jones/
https://www.bgdblog.org/2016/04/why-we-need-to-talk-about-stripping-as-labor/
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